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Characteristics of Nosocomial Strains of Acinetobacter spp. in a Trauma Center

Incidence rates of Acinetobacter spp. isolated from tissue specimens and wound samples in patients with severe burns, chronic osteomyelitis, and diabetic foot infections were determined during the 5 years (2008– 2012). Antimicrobial resistance of …

Medical Problems Associated with Bacterial Biofilms

This paper represents a review of currently available data on microbial communities and biofilms as an important clinical problem. Structure and morphology of microbial biofilm as well as stages and mechanisms of its formation, and genes and factors …

Review of Current Guidelines on the Management of Pediatric Patients with Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis

Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) is a common disease in pediatric practice, which takes a fifth place among the causes of antimicrobials administration to children. This paper presents a review of current clinical guidelines on the management of …

Prevalence and Molecular Epidemiology of Gram-negative Bacteria Producing Metallo-β-lactamases (MBLs) in Russia, Belarus and Kazakhstan

The prevalence and molecular epidemiology of MBLproducing Gram-negative bacteria have been studied in Russia (1998–2010), Belarus and Kazakhstan (2005– 2010). Analysis of nosocomial strains isolated as part of several multicentre surveillance studies …

Selection of Resistance Associated with the Use of Antimicrobial Agents: Collateral Damage Concept

Collateral damage concept describes an adverse ecological effect associated with the use of antimicrobial agents. The main point is a selection of multidrug-resistant strains and subsequent colonization and infections caused by those microorganisms. …

Ciprofloxacin in Current Clinical Practice

Ciprofloxacin is the most known member of second generation quinolones, which is more active against gram-negative microorganisms and has broad antimicrobial spectrum compared to first generation quinolones. This article presents the main indications …

Clinical Perspectives of Tigecycline

The emergence and spread of resistance to multiple classes of antimicrobials is a growing threat, especially in microorganisms causing severe nosocomial infections in hospital settings. Tigecycline, the first in a new class of antimicrobials …

Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia in Trauma Patients: Results of Prospective Observational Study

Objective. To study prospectively clinical course of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP), mortality, and risk factors for poor outcome as well as etiology and antibiotic resistance of HAP in trauma patients; to assess antimicrobial therapy in patients with head trauma and orthopedic trauma in Smolensk Clinical Hospital of Emergency Medical Care. Materials and Methods. A prospective observational study in 96 patients with head trauma or orthopedic trauma and concurrent HAP, confirmed by clinical examination, chest X-ray, and Clinical Pulmonary Infection Scale (CPIS) score of ≥5.

Etiology and Antimicrobial Resistance of Hospital-acquired and Community-acquired Intra-Abdominal Infections in ICUs of Two Teaching Hospitals

Objective. To investigate the etiology and antimicrobial resistance patterns of aerobic bacterial pathogens in community- and hospital-acquired intra-abdominal infections (IAI) in the ICUs of two teaching hospitals in one particular city. Materials and Methods. A total of 168 patients with peritonitis (122 community-acquired, 46 nosocomial) were included in the study. Susceptibility testing was performed by agar dilution method according to CLSI recommendations. Results. Clinically significant aerobic pathogens were isolated in 61.

Antimicrobial Resistance and Therapy of Salmonella Infections

This review contains brief information on the epidemiology of salmonellosis as well as the modern classification and nomenclature of Salmonella genus. The main mechanisms of antimicrobial resistance in Salmonella and their prevalence are summarized. …