nosocomial infections

Antimicrobial Resistance of Nosocomial Staphylococcus aureus Isolates in Russia: Results of National Multicenter Surveillance Study «MARATHON» 2011–2012

In total 284 clinical nosocomial S. aureus strains isolated in 2011–2012 from patients hospitalized in 25 hospitals in 18 Russian cities were included in the study. Susceptibility to 19 antimicrobials was assessed by serial dilution method in …

Antimicrobial Resistance of Nosocomial Pseudomonas aeruginosa Isolates in Russia: Results of National Multicenter Surveillance Study «MARATHON» 2011–2012

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the most abundant bacterial species causing nosocomial infections in Russia. In this paper, we report the data on antimicrobial susceptibility of 343 isolates of P. aeruginosa collected in 25 hospitals of 18 cities of Russia …

Antimicrobial Resistance of Nosocomial Acinetobacter spp. Isolates in Russia: Results of National Multicenter Surveillance Study «MARATHON» 2011–2012

Acinetobacter baumannii and related species of the Acinetobacter calcoaceticus-baumannii complex are the common and one of the most difficult-to-treat nosocomial pathogens. In this paper, we report the data on antimicrobial susceptibility of 252 …

Antimicrobial Resistance of Nosocomial Enterobacteriaceae Isolates in Russia: Results of National Multicenter Surveillance Study «MARATHON» 2011–2012

Species of the family Enterobacteriaceae represent the most prevalent group of nosocomial pathogens. In this paper, we report the data on antimicrobial susceptibility of 573 isolates of Enterobacteriaceae collected in 25 hospitals of 18 cities of …

Chlorhexidine: Past, Present, and Future of the Famous Antiseptic Agent

Infections caused by drug resistant pathogens are ever-increasing problem in hospital and outpatient settings. Nosocomial infections are associated with treatment failures, prolonged length of hospital stay and increased mortality. Chlorhexidine …

Independent Acquisition of Quinolone Resistance in Clonally Related Nosocomial Strains of Salmonella Typhimurium Due to Hypermutability

Here we report on a high incidence of quinolone resistance (43,1%) among nosocomial CTX-M-5 ESBLproducing S. Typhimurium isolates belonging to a single clonal group isolated in Russia, Belarus, and Kazakhstan. The resistance mechanism in all cases …

The Importance of the Adequate Empiric Antimicrobial Therapy in Nosocomial Infections Caused by Acinetobacter baumannii

Objective. To evaluate the influence of adequate empiric antimicrobial therapy for the outcome and the length of hospitalization in patients with nosocomial infections, caused by Acinetobacter baumannii. Materials and Methods. The subject of the research was 42 patients with nosocomial infections, caused by A. baumannii (middle age 53.3±5 year; 61.9% were males). The evaluation of the interrelation between patient’s outcome and adequacy of the empiric antimicrobial therapy was performed using odds ratio method and χ2-criterion to prove the results.

Escherichia coli as a Nosocomial Pathogen in ICUs

Over the last years, Gram-negative bacilli are the leading cause of nosocomial infections in different part of the world. Intensive care units (ICUs) differ from other units by continuous healthcare worker-to-patient contacts, large number of …

Antimicrobial Resistance of Nosocomial Staphylococci Isolated from Burn Center Patients in 2002–2008

A total of 1375 clinical strains of staphylococci isolated from patients in burn units during the 2002–2008 were tested to detect antimicrobial resistance changes during this period. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by …

Epidemiology of Antimicrobial Resistance of S. aureus Isolated from ICU Patients in Russia: Results of Prospective Multicenter Study

Objective. To determine in vitro activity of antimicrobials against S. aureus isolated from ICU patients in different regions of Russia. Materials and Methods. A total of 998 clinical strains of S.aureus isolated in 2004–2005 from 998 patients hospitalized in ICU of 32 medical institutions in different parts of Russia. Susceptibility to 16 antimicrobials was determined by agar dilution method in accordance with CLSI recommendations. Results. The prevalence of MRSA among tested strains was 49.