children

Antimicorbial Susceptibility, Clonal and Serotype Diversity of Streptococcus pneumoniae Isolated from Children with Acute Otitis Media in Moscow

Objective. Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) is the leading cause of acute otitis media (AOM) in children. Hereby, we describe antibiotic susceptibility, clonality, and serotype distribution of pneumococci isolated from the middle ear fluid (MEF) in children with AOM. Materials and Methods. MEF specimens from children ≤5 years of age with AOM were collected in 4 pediatric hospitals in Moscow in 2011–2013. Isolation and identification of pneumococcus was performed using standard microbiological procedures.

Paediatricians Approach to Prescribing of Systemic Antimicrobials in Outpatient Children with Upper Respiratory Tract and ENT Infections: Data from Multicenter Survey

Objective. Objectives. The study aimed to assess paediatricians knowledge of etiology and approach to systemic antimicrobials (АМ) use in outpatient children with acute respiratory tract infections. Materials and Methods. A questionnaire survey of primary care paediatricians from 17 cities of Russian Federation was performed in 2011–2013 in compliance with the unified methodology. Results. A total of 701 paediatricians (mean age 46,3±10,7, 61,5% with work experience >15 years) took part in the survey.

Comparative Efficacy of Azithromycin and Cefixime in the Treatment of Acute Infectious Invasive Diarrhea in Children

This paper describes a multicenter, randomized study to compare clinical and microbiological efficacy, and safety of azithromycin (Sumamed®, Teva) and cefixime (Suprax®, Gedeon-Richter) in the treatment of acute infectious invasive diarrhea in …

Analysis of Antibiotic Usage in Children Living in Orphanages During the 2003–2004 and 2009–2010

Analysis of antibiotic usage in children living in orphanages was performed during two time-periods: 2003–2004 and 2009–2010 with the aim to reveal key problems of antibiotic usage in this population, and to develop measures for improvement. It was …

Review of Current Guidelines on the Management of Pediatric Patients with Acute Bacterial Rhinosinusitis

Acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) is a common disease in pediatric practice, which takes a fifth place among the causes of antimicrobials administration to children. This paper presents a review of current clinical guidelines on the management of …

Laboratory Diagnosis of Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) remains one of the most common and life-threatening infections. This paper represents a review of laboratory diagnosis of community-acquired pneumonia during the period of 2002– 2006. Local serological and …

Meropenem in the Treatment of Severe Infections in Children

Carbapenems are the most appropriate antimicrobials for empiric and pathogen-directed monotherapy in most severe and life-threatening infections in pediatric patients. It can be explained by broadest spectrum of activity, including multidrug …

Current Options for the Pharmacotherapy of the Invasive Candidiasis in Children

Invasive mycoses are the substantial cause of morbidity and mortality in immunocompromised children. The prevalence of invasive mycoses in this population is around 25% and the mortality rates are run up to 55-60%. Invasive candidiasis is a major …

Antimicrobial Resistance of Clinical Strains of H. influenzae Isolated from Children in Yekaterinburg During 2000–2005

Susceptibility testing of 268 clinical strains of H. influenzaе isolated from children in Yekaterinburg during 2000–2005 was performed by disc diffusion method. Resistance to ampicillin was 13%, to II generation cephalosporins – 3%. There was the …

Efficacy and Safety of Combined Antimycotic Therapy of Invasive Aspergillosis in Children

Invasive aspergillosis is a common complication in children with hemoblastosis. This type of mycosis characterized with severe clinical presentations and high attributive mortality. Monotherapy with one of the systemic antimycotics is often using to …