Diseases and Pathogens

Objective. To conduct a cost-effectiveness analysis of combination of azithromycin with b-lactams (cefotaxime, ceftriaxone or amoxicillin/clavulanic acid) vs levofloxacin in hospitalized adults with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP). Materials and Methods. We performed standard search and meta-analysis of prospective clinical trials (CT) to compare clinical success rate and tolerability of regimens of antibacterial therapy (ABT) under the investigation. Direct medical costs (DC) including cost of ABT and hospital stay were calculated from the perspective of Smolensk Regional Clinical Hospital and Central Clinical Hospital of Russian Academy of Sciences.

Objective. To reveal molecular types of nosocomial and community-acquired strains of S. aureus in different regions of Russia. Materials and Methods. 575 (187 MRSA and 388 MSSA) strains, isolated from pediatric patients during multicenter studies (1997–2008) from 36 medical institutions in 24 Russian cities were included in the study. For molecular typing 186 strains with unique resistance profile within each ward of each medical institution were selected. The following typing methods were used: MLVA, spa, SCCmec and MLST.

Long-term dialysis therapy in patients with chronic kidney disease is usually associated with vascular access problems, mechanic and infectious complications from the use intravascular devices, and increase in antimicrobial resistance. This paper …

Objective. To determine significance of Legionella pneumonia for hematological patients in ICUs, and to evaluate prospects of the proposed algorithm for diagnosis of legionellosis. Materials and Methods. A total of 37 hematological ICU patients were assessed for legionellosis between December 2010 and February 2012. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid culture and Legionella urinary antigen test (rapid immunochromatographic assay) were used to diagnose legionellosis. Results. Diagnosis of legionellosis was confirmed in 4 (11%) patients, of which 3 had fatal outcome.

Pseudomonas aeruginosa is the opportunistic microorganism dominating in intensive care units. The present research has been devoted to studying of the causes of long-lasting circulation of certain genotype of P. aeruginosa strains in Federal …

With the ever present threat of healthcare-associated infections such as C. difficile, are we at increased risk of outbreaks whilst resources to decontaminate wards and isolate patients are? Article explores the importance of rapid diagnosis of C. …

Biofilms are very specialized but at the same time very widespread form of bacterial existence. Nowadays it is well understood that biofilms play significant role in many human infections. That is way recently a number of research project are …

The review presents the basic approaches to biofilm evaluation. From a methodological point of view, these methods can be divided into two groups: dynamic and static. Each method has advantages and disadvantages discussed in this review. In addition …

Over the last years, Gram-negative bacilli are the leading cause of nosocomial infections in different part of the world. Intensive care units (ICUs) differ from other units by continuous healthcare worker-to-patient contacts, large number of …

The techniques for PCR-based identification and serotyping of Streptococcus pneumoniae were optimized for using in Russian epidemiologic situation. One hundred and thirteen strains isolated from children under 5 years of age in 15 Russian cities were …