antimicrobial therapy

Evaluation of the effectiveness of antimicrobial stewardship program: results from a ten-year study in a multidisciplinary hospital

Objective. To evaluate the results of the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) program in a multidisciplinary hospital. Materials and Methods. A retrospective intervention study was performed in the 600-bed multidisciplinary hospital of the Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center (Moscow, Russia). The study included a number of sequential interventions, aimed at improving the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infections, with an assessment of the following indicators dynamics: the structure of microorganisms isolated in the hospital, the level of resistance to antimicrobial drugs (AMD) among the pathogens of the ESKAPE group, the structure of prescribed AMD, as well as an assessment of clinical and economic consequences of antimicrobial resistance changes.

Specific features of antimicrobial therapy in patients with severe respiratory failure receiving veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

In modern medicine, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is becoming increasingly common in the treatment of severe respiratory failure. The development of infectious complications in patients receiving ECMO often leads to an increase in …

Real-life antimicrobial therapy in hospitalized patients with COVID-19 (preliminary results and recommendations)

Objective. Development of local clinical protocols for antibacterial therapy of COVID-19-associated bacterial pneumonia in the therapeutic department of the city clinical hospital based on an analysis of the treatment process in patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia. Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 1382 cases of hospitalization in the therapeutic department of patients with COVID-19-associated pneumonia for the period from 2020 to 2021 was carried out. The structure of etiotropic therapy, the frequency and timing of microbiological studies of the biomaterial, the manifestations of the main markers of bacterial infection during dynamic monitoring of clinical and laboratory parameters in patients prescribed antibiotic therapy, as well as statistics of the stay of patients in the therapeutic department of the hospital were assessed.

Compliance of paediatricians to the guidelines on the use of antimicrobials in respiratory infections

Objective. To monitor the level of compliance of paediatricians regarding antimicrobial therapy of acute respiratory infections in children. Materials and Methods. Аnonymous survey of paediatricians of Rostov region was conducted using a questionnaire developed by the authors during 2009-10 and 2014-15. The analysis was performed to assess the compliance with the national recommendations developed by the Union of paediatricians of Russia among the 3 groups of doctors (practicing ≤5 years; 6-20 years; ≥21 years).

Septic Arthritis in Adults

Septic arthritis is a rheumatologic emergency as joint destruction occurs rapidly and can lead to significant morbidity and mortality. The risk of septic arthritis significantly increased in patients with premorbid affected joints (especially with …

Administration of Antimicrobials into Respiratory Tract: Methods to Improve Efficacy in the Treatment of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia

Despite the availability of substantial theoretical benefits, the method of antibacterial administration via the respiratory tract to treat acute pneumonia has yet to be widely implemented in clinical practice. The introduction of the method is …

Vancomycin Dosing in Hemodialysis Patients

Infectious complications are constitute a serious challenge for patients receiving hemodialysis. With regard to the broad spread of S. aureus isolates with lost susceptibility to β-lactams (MRSA) vancomycin is key option for treatment of these …

Level of Knowledge of Medical Specialists on the Etiology, Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Endocarditis in Russia

Objective. To reveal the level of knowledge of medical specialists on the diagnostics and treatment of infective endocarditis (IE). Materials and Methods. Multicenter interviewing of the medical specialists about IE etiology, diagnostics and treatment was conducted during 2012–2013 in 15 cities of different regions of Russia. Results. Overall 530 medical specialists were interviewed. On the question concerning the choice of echocardiographic study only 59,4% of respondents have marked transesophageal route.

Choice of Antimicrobial Agents in Uncomplicated Urinary Tract Infections: How to Make Decision Worthy of Solomon?

Antimicrobials for the treatment of uncomplicated urinary tract infections (UTI) include different drug classes: fluoroquinolones, cephalosporins, beta-lactam/betalactamase inhibitor combinations, aminoglycosides, carbapenems, nitrofurans, …

Current View on Antimicrobial Therapy of Intra-Abdominal Infections

Currently, treatment of intra-abdominal infections is significantly complicated by increased antimicrobial resistance. Inappropriate antimicrobial therapy is one of the reasons for spread of extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) both in hospital …