Antimicrobials

The increasing number of infections caused by multidrug-resistant gram-negative bacteria in children is a serious problem all over the world. Ceftazidim-avibactam is a promising antimicrobial drug recently approved in Russia for use in pediatric …

Objective. To determine the concentration of colistin, preventing the selection of colistin-resistant mutants of K. pneumoniae, and to evaluate the effect of antibiotics of different groups on the development of mutational resistance to colistin. Materials and Methods. Minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of colistin were determined for 88 K. pneumoniae strains by the method of serial microdilutions in broth, and carbapenemase genes were detected. The selection of colistin-resistant subpopulations was performed on cation-adjusted MüllerHinton agar (MHA) with the addition of 16 mg/l colistin.

In connection with growing problem of antimicrobial resistance, the search for alternative treatments for infection is popular topic nowadays. This article represents an overview of published data on the therapeutic use of bacteriophages, …

The title of this review “War and peace” is not accidental and the analogies with a well-known literary masterpiece have absolutely justified ground. As in the case of Lev Tolstoy’s novel this title has a profound philosophical meaning, although at …

Objective. To determine the level of basic knowledge of senior students of medical universities in the rational use of AMP. Materials and Methods. Analysis of an anonymous multicenter survey in the framework of the “KANT” project (the full name of the project is “Physicians’ (Students ’) knowledge in antimicrobials usage”), conducted in 2018–2019 in 6 cities of Russia and Kyrgyzstan. Results. The study revealed a low level of knowledge of senior students in the field of antibiotic therapy and the empirical use of AMP.

Invasive fungal infections continue to show steady growth among various patient populations, accompanied by high rates of both morbidity and attributive mortality. For the treatment of invasive mycoses, a few number of drugs are currently available, …

Objective. To reveal antibiotics being capable of potentiating the antimicrobial activity of colistin against multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant strains of Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Materials and Methods. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) of colistin alone and in combination with fixed concentrations of antibiotics of different groups were determined for 272 multidrug- and extensively drug-resistant strains of K. pneumoniae, A. baumannii and P. aeruginosa. Bactericidal activity of colistin, carbapenems, clarithromycin and their combinations were also determined at fixed PK/PD breakpoint concentrations of antibiotics.

Objective. To assess efficacy and safety of 14-day triple nifuratel-based therapy compared to 14-day standard triple therapy in adult patients with symptomatic H. pylori infection. Materials and Methods. A total of 70 patients with dyspepsia and microbiologically confirmed H. pylori infection were enrolled into the open-label, randomized, comparative clinical trial. The study group (n = 35) received a 14-day triple nifuratel-based therapy: esomeprazole (20 mg BID), nifuratel (400 mg BID) and amoxicillin (1000 mg BID).

Posaconazole is a broad-spectrum triazole antifungal agent with potent activity against various fungi, including yeast and molds, including Mucorales, what makes a key difference with itraconazole and voriconazole. Clinical studies have demonstrated …

This review summarizes published data on the use of chlorhexidine for the prevention of nosocomial infections in the intensive care units (ICU). The use of a 0.5–2.0% alcohol solution of chlorhexidine is strongly recommended for the surgical site …