Аннотация
Fusobacterium nucleatum является компонентом микрофлоры ротовой полости, а в клинической практике ассоциируется в первую очередь с заболеваниями пародонта. С 2011 г. научное сообщество подтверждает ассоциацию F. nucleatum с колоректальным раком (КРР), появляются работы, в которых описано ее выделение из образцов тканей опухоли. Исследования привели к обнаружению механизмов, благодаря которым эта бактерия может способствовать развитию, метастазированию КРР и химиорезистентности. С помощью своих белков адгезии (FadA и Fap2) F. nucleatum специфически прикрепляется к клеткам колоректальных карцином. После инвазии F. nucleatum индуцирует воспаление, активирует передачу сигналов β-катенина и создает благоприятное микроокружение для роста и развития опухоли. С недавнего времени подтверждается роль F. nucleatum в других видах онкологической патологии, таких как рак полости рта, рак головы и шеи, рак желудка, рак пищевода, рак поджелудочной железы, рак шейки матки и рак молочной железы. Понимание механизмов ассоциации F. nucleatum с онкологическими заболеваниями поможет найти новые подходы в лечении, профилактике и диагностике рака. Таким образом, необходимы дальнейшие исследования корреляции между F. nucleatum и канцерогенезом с применением мультидисциплинарного подхода и врачей других специальностей.
ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Самара, Россия
ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Самара, Россия
ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Самара, Россия
ФГБОУ ВО «Самарский государственный медицинский университет» Минздрава России, Самара, Россия
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