Аннотация
В настоящее время во всём мире достаточно широко распространено профилактическое и терапевтическое применение пробиотиков, несмотря на тот факт, что их эффективность всё ещё остаётся спорной. В данном обзоре представлены сведения об основных микроорганизмах, обладающих пробиотическими свойствами. Суммированы имеющиеся на сегодняшний день доказательные данные, касающиеся целесообразности использования пробиотиков с профилактической и лечебной целью, отражены современные подходы к применению пробиотиков для лечения и профилактики инфекционных и неинфекционных заболеваний ЖКТ, в частности, антибиотик-ассоциированной диареи, инфекций ЖКТ, воспалительных заболеваний кишечника, для эрадикации H.pylori. Определено место пробиотиков в профилактике инфекционных заболеваний (особенно инфекций дыхательных путей) у детей и взрослых, рассмотрено использование пробиотиков при аллергических заболеваниях, урогенитальных инфекциях у женщин, хирургической патологии, а также другие возможные и перспективные направления применения данной группы лекарственных средств. Отдельное внимание в статье уделено вопросам безопасности пробиотиков.
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