β-лактамазы аэробных грамотрицательных бактерий: характеристика, основные принципы классификации, современные методы выявления и типирования

Клиническая Микробиология и Антимикробная Химиотерапия. 2001; 3(3):223-242

​ Эйдельштейн М.В.
β-лактамазы антибиотикорезистентность грамотрицательные бактерии микробиологическая диагностика
Раздел
Антибиотикорезистентность
Тип
Журнальная статья
Публикация
Клиническая Микробиология и Антимикробная Химиотерапия. 2001; 3(3):223-242

Аннотация

β-лактамазы представляют обширную группу генетически и функционально различных ферментов, отличающихся способностью разрушать β-лактамные антибиотики, тем самым обеспечивая устойчивость к ним бактерий-продуцентов. Природная способность к продукции β-лактамаз характерна для многих видов микроорганизмов. Однако наибольшую значимость в последнее время приобретает широкое распространение плазмидно кодируемых β-лактамаз, являющихся факторами вторичной (приобретенной) резистентности у изначально чувствительных микроорганизмов. Цель настоящего обзора – описание основных структурных и функциональных групп β-лактамаз аэробных грамотрицательных бактерий в соответствии с международно принятыми системами классификации. В обзоре рассмотрены наиболее часто встречающиеся у грамотрицательных возбудителей плазмидные β-лактамы TEM- и SHV-типа, их эволюция и роль в формировании устойчивости к различным β-лактамам, а также современные методы их диагностики и типирования.

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