antimicrobials

Antimicrobial drug consumption in the Russian Federation (2008–2022): pharmacoepidemiological study

Objective. To assess the dynamics of antimicrobial drug consumption in the Russian Federation. Materials and Methods. Data on antimicrobials for systemic use (ATC class J01) sales for the period 2008–2022 in the hospital and outpatient segment were downloaded from the IQVIA database. The absolute quantities of purchased antimicrobials were transferred to the defined daily doses (DDD) separately for the outpatient and hospital segments for each year of observation. Results. Over the period 2008-2022 there was an increase in antimicrobials consumption from 9.

Evaluation of the effectiveness of antimicrobial stewardship program: results from a ten-year study in a multidisciplinary hospital

Objective. To evaluate the results of the implementation of antimicrobial stewardship (AMS) program in a multidisciplinary hospital. Materials and Methods. A retrospective intervention study was performed in the 600-bed multidisciplinary hospital of the Pirogov National Medical and Surgical Center (Moscow, Russia). The study included a number of sequential interventions, aimed at improving the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of infections, with an assessment of the following indicators dynamics: the structure of microorganisms isolated in the hospital, the level of resistance to antimicrobial drugs (AMD) among the pathogens of the ESKAPE group, the structure of prescribed AMD, as well as an assessment of clinical and economic consequences of antimicrobial resistance changes.

Point prevalence multicenter survey of antimicrobial consumption in Russian hospitals: results of the Global-PPS 2021

Objective. To evaluate prescribing patterns of antimicrobials and quantify them in relation to quality indicators in Russian multi-field hospitals. Materials and Methods. Point Prevalence Survey of Antimicrobial Consumption as a part of an international Global-PPS project was conducted in 8 multi-field hospitals in different Russian cities (Krasnoyarsk, Moscow, Omsk, Saratov, Smolensk, Ulan-Ude, Yakutsk) during the period from May till December 2021. Case records of patients who received therapeutic or prophylactic systemic antimicrobial agents were analyzed.

Antibiotic therapy under polypragmatic conditions: a course to safety

Prescribing safe and effective drug therapy is becoming increasingly challenging. Recently, there has been an upward trend in the number of patients experiencing polypragmasy. Thus, according to epidemiological analysis of 180,815 outpatient records …

Level of senior medical students’ knowledge on antimicrobial therapy: the results of the «KANT» project

Objective. To determine the level of basic knowledge of senior students of medical universities in the rational use of AMP. Materials and Methods. Analysis of an anonymous multicenter survey in the framework of the “KANT” project (the full name of the project is “Physicians’ (Students ’) knowledge in antimicrobials usage”), conducted in 2018–2019 in 6 cities of Russia and Kyrgyzstan. Results. The study revealed a low level of knowledge of senior students in the field of antibiotic therapy and the empirical use of AMP.

To stop the progress of antimicrobial resistance today means to give a chance of mankind surviving tomorrow

Antimicrobial resistance is a global challenge for human society. Scientists around the world are trying not to return to the time when antimicrobials were not yet discovered, and millions of people were dying from infections. This article describes …

Integrated analysis of antibiotic consumption in the hospital segment of Saint-Petersburg in 2014–2018

Objective. To estimate composite indicators of systemic antibiotic consumption in the hospital segment of Saint-Petersburg in 2014–2018. Materials and Methods. Information on the volume and structure of AMP consumption in the hospital segment of St. Petersburg in 2014–2018 was obtained from AlfaRm Databases. The amount of purchased AMP was recalculated in the number of average daily maintenance doses (Defined Daily Dose, DDDs), as well as DDDs per 100 bed-days (DDDh) for each international nonproprietary name of AMP.

Gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions and antibiotic-associated diarrhea during antibiotic therapy in outpatient practice: prevention and treatment

Adverse drug reactions affecting gastrointestinal tract, quite often with the development of antibioticassociated diarrhea, are the most common undesirable effects of antibiotic therapy in outpatient practice. This review provides modern approaches …

Review of the ASCO and IDSA clinical practice guidelines on antimicrobial prophylaxis for adult patients with cancer-related immunosupression

Patients undergoing cytotoxic chemotherapy and hematopoietic stem-cell transplantation are at risk for infection. The risk of infections increases with the depth and duration of neutropenia, with the greatest risk occurring in patients who experience …

Calculation of the optimal structure of antibiotic consumption in a hospital based on the predicted antimicrobial resistance in the treatment of uncomplicated acute pyelonephritis

Objective. To select an optimal (in terms of influence on the antibiotic resistance level) and cost-effective structure of antibiotic consumption in a hospital in the management of patients with acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis. Materials and Methods. Based on the literature data as well as a real practice of antibiotic administration, the cost of treatment of an acute uncomplicated pyelonephritis case with different regimens of initial antimicrobial treatment was calculated. Using mathematical modeling, changes in antimicrobial resistance of E.