AMRexpert – online platform for interpretation, verification and validation of antimicrobial susceptibility testing

Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2023; 25(1):68-76

​ Vinogradova A.G., Kuzmenkov A.Yu., Trushin I.V., Edelstein M.V., Sukhorukova M.V., Starostenkov A.A.
10.36488/cmac.2023.1.68-76
antimicrobial resistance interpretation online platform AMRexpert
Section
Antimicrobial Resistance
Type
Original Article
Publication
Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2023; 25(1):68-76

Objective.

To review the key principles and functionality of AMRexpert online platform.

Materials and Methods.

The information part of the platform is comprised of rules based on the EUCAST recommendations and various standards for interpreting the results of antimicrobial susceptibility testing (EUCAST, CLSI versions 2020-2022). The technical part of the platform was developed using C# programming language, Angular and Bootstrap frameworks. AST results of Serratia marcescens, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Staphylococcus saprophyticus, Enterococcus faecium specific isolates were analyzed for practical testing of the platform using EUCAST v.12.0, 2022 interpretation criteria.

Results.

The developed platform for the evaluation of microbiological reports includes a wide list of expert rules, various standards for the interpretation of the AST results. Consistent data input, the ability to switch forms between several microorganisms, and the presentation of evaluation results in the form of blocks allows all necessary information to be structured. Practical use of the platform is available for various infectious pathogens. Fast and efficient interaction between users is provided by different options for sharing and saving the results.

Conclusions.

The web-based application evaluates microbiological reports in a comprehensive approach, with the ability to apply the results later to prescribe antimicrobial therapy. The platform for the interpretation, verification and validation of the AST results – AMRexpert can be accessed at https://amrexpert.ru.

Alina G. Vinogradova

Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk, Russia

Kuzmenkov Alexey Yuryevich

Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk, Russia

Ivan V. Trushin

Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk, Russia

Mikhail V. Edelstein

Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk, Russia

Marina V. Sukhorukova

N.N. Burdenko National Medical Research Center of Neurosurgery, Moscow, Russia

Starostenkov A.A.

Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk, Russia

  • 1. Kraker M.E.A., Stewardson A.J., Harbarth S. Will 10 million people die a year due to antimicrobial resistance by 2050? PLoS Med. 2016;13(11):e1002184. DOI: 10.1371/journal.pmed.1002184
  • 2. Leekha S., Terrell C.L., Edson R.S. General principles of antimicrobial therapy. Mayo Clin Proc. 2011;86(2):156167. DOI: 10.4065/mcp.2010.0639
  • 3. Kadri S.S., Lai Y.L., Warner S., Strich J.R., Babiker A., Ricotta E.E., et al. Inappropriate empirical antibiotic therapy for bloodstream infections based on discordant in-vitro susceptibilities: a retrospective cohort analysis of prevalence, predictors, and mortality risk in US hospitals. Lancet Infect Dis. 2021;21(2):241-251. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(20)30477-1
  • 4. Elango D. General principles of antimicrobial therapy. In: Paul A., Anandabaskar N., Mathaiyan J., Raj G.M., Eds. Introduction to basics of pharmacology and toxicology. Springer, Singapore. 2021. DOI: 10.1007/978-981-336009-9_52
  • 5. Klinker K.P., Hidayat L.K., DeRyke C.A., DePestel D.D., Motyl M., Bauer K.A. Antimicrobial stewardship and antibiograms: importance of moving beyond traditional antibiograms. Ther Adv Infect Dis. 2021;8:20499 3612110113. DOI: 10.1177/20499361211011373
  • 6. Lueangarun S., Leelarasamee A. Impact of inappropriate empiric antimicrobial therapy on mortality of septic patients with bacteremia: a retrospective study. Interdiscip Perspect Infect Dis. 2012;2012:e765205. DOI: 10.1155/2012/765205
  • 7. Fournier P.-E., Drancourt M., Colson P., Rolain J.-M., Scola B.L., Raoult D. Modern clinical microbiology: new challenges and solutions. Nat Rev Microbiol. 2013;11(8):574-585. DOI: 10.1038/nrmicro3068
  • 8. Yarbrough M.L., Wallace M.A., Potter R.F., D’Souza A.W., Dantas G., Burnham C.D. Breakpoint beware: reliance on historical breakpoints for Enterobacteriaceae leads to discrepancies in interpretation of susceptibility testing for carbapenems and cephalosporins and gaps in detection of carbapenem-resistant organisms. Eur J Clin Microbiol Infect Dis. 2020;39(1):187-195. DOI: 10.1007/s10096-01903711-y
  • 9. European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Available at: www.eucast.org. Accessed December 15, 2022.
  • 10. Leclercq R., Cantón R., Brown D.F.J., Giske C.G., Heisig P., MacGowan A.P., et al. EUCAST expert rules in antimicrobial susceptibility testing. Clin Microbiol Infect. 2013;19(2):141-160. DOI: 10.1111/j.14690691.2011.03703.x
  • 11. European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing. Breakpoint tables for interpretation of MICs and zone diameters. Version 12.0.; 2022. Available at: www.eucast.org. Accessed December 15, 2022.
  • 12. Kahlmeter G., Giske C.G., Kirn T.J., Sharp S.E. Pointcounterpoint: differences between the European Committee on Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing and Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute Recommendations for reporting antimicrobial susceptibility results. Caliendo A.M., ed. J Clin Microbiol. 2019;57(9). DOI: 10.1128/JCM.01129-19
  • 13. Turner P., Ashley E.A. Standardising the reporting of microbiology and antimicrobial susceptibility data. Lancet Infect Dis. 2019;19(11):1163-1164. DOI: 10.1016/S1473-3099(19)30561-4
  • 14. Francés-Cuesta C., Sánchez-Hellín V., Gomila B., GonzálezCandelas F. Is there a widespread clone of Serratia marcescens producing outbreaks worldwide? J Hosp Infect. 2021;108:7-14. DOI: 10.1016/j.jhin.2020.10.029
  • 15. Cristina M.L., Sartini M., Spagnolo A.M. Serratia marcescens infections in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs). Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2019;16(4):610. DOI: 10.3390/ijerph16040610
  • 16. Vinogradova A.G., Kuzmenkov A.Yu. Application of AMRmap: «from the general to the specific» approach by the example of Klebsiella pneumoniae. Kliniceskaa mikrobiologia i antimikrobnaa himioterapia. 2019;21(2):181-186. Russian. DOI: 10.36488/cmac.2019.2.181-186
  • 17. Kuzmenkov A.Yu., Vinogradova A.G., Trushin I.V., Edelstein M.V., Avramenko A.A., Dekhnich A.V., Kozlov R.S. AMRmap – antibiotic resistance surveillance system in Russia. Kliniceskaa mikrobiologia i antimikrobnaa himioterapia. 2021;23(2):198-204. Russian. DOI: 10.36488/cmac.2021.2.198-204
  • 18. Skleenova E.Yu., Azizov I.S., Shek Е.А., Edelstein M.V., Kozlov R.S., Dekhnich A.V. Pseudomonas aeruginosa: the history of one of the most successful nosocomial pathogens in Russian hospitals. Kliniceskaa mikrobiologia i antimikrobnaa himioterapia. 2018;20(3):164-171. Russian. DOI: 10.36488/cmac.2018.3.164-171
  • 19. Lawal O.U., Fraqueza M.J., Bouchami O., Worning P., Bartels M.D., Gonçalves M.L., et al. Foodborne origin and local and global spread of Staphylococcus saprophyticus causing human urinary tract infections. Emerg Infect Dis. 2021;27(3):880-893. DOI: 10.3201/eid2703.200852
  • 20. Gao W., Howden B.P., Stinear T.P. Evolution of virulence in Enterococcus faecium, a hospital-adapted opportunistic pathogen. Curr Opin Microbiol. 2018;41:76-82. DOI: 10.1016/j.mib.2017.11.030
Views
0 Abstract
0 PDF
0 Crossref citations
Shared