antimicrobial resistance

The problem of antimicrobial resistance represents one of the most urgent and complex problems of modern healthcare. The measures that are being taken today to control antimicrobial resistance, however, cannot be considered satisfactory, and we are …

Objective. To study susceptibility of clinical Bacteroides spp. and Clostridium perfringens isolates to antimicrobial agents across different regions of the Russian Federation and to identify regional patterns of antimicrobial resistance. Materials and Methods. The study included 1,685 isolates of obligate anaerobic bacteria belonging to 107 species, isolated from patients in 60 regions of the Russian Federation during period from January 2023 to December 2024. Among them, 144 C. perfringens isolates from 37 regions, and 370 Bacteroides spp.

In modern literature, there is insufficient information on the composition of the conjunctival microbiota in children under 1 year of age, and information on its composition in premature infants is virtually absent. Analysis of conjunctival …

Objective. To analyze antimicrobial susceptibility of representatives of the genus Streptococcus in different wards of a multidisciplinary hospital. Materials and Methods. Epidemiological observational descriptive continuous retrospective survey was conducted. Antimicrobial susceptibility data on 2916 streptococcal isolates obtained from the laboratory information system «ALISA» were analyzed for the period from 01.01.2017 to 31.12.2022. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed using BD Phoenix M50, interpretation of susceptibility testing results was done in accordance with EUCAST recommendations.

Objective. To study antimicrobial effect of extracellular metabolites of probiotic L. plantarum 8P-A3 strain on antibiotic-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae and Acinetobacter baumannii isolated from infected wounds. Materials and Methods. Bacteriological methods: semiquantitative sector method for extracting opportunistic microorganisms from an infected wound; a method for the identification of the antimicrobial activity of metabolites in a liquid milieu; The identification of bacteria was implemented with the help of the MALDI-TOF Autoflex mass spectrometer (Bruker Daltonics, Germany).

Objective. To analyze and compare multidrug-resistant Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) strains isolated from different sites of the same patients. Materials and Methods. A total of 30 KP strains isolated from 15 patients treated in intensive care and surgical units in 2020–2021 were studied. Two strains isolated from one child were selected for analyses. One strain was isolated from a clinically significant site (blood/urine/wound/endotracheal aspirate or sputum), the other from a monitoring site (stool).

Objective. To study the population and genetic structure of S. pneumoniae isolated from children with cystic fibrosis (CF) and congenital malformations of the bronchi and lungs (CM) over the period 2011 to 2021, their serotype diversity in pre-vaccination and post-vaccination periods and susceptibility to antimicrobials. Materials and Methods. A total of 140 S. pneumoniae isolates (during 2011-2021) from respiratory samples of patients with CM or CF were included in the study.

Objective. Conduct a comparative assessment of the frequency and spectrum of antimicrobial resistance of Mycobacterium avium isolated from patients of a phthisiopulmonology clinic in the pre-Covid period (2018–2019) and during the COVID-19 pandemic (2020–2023). Materials and Methods. The antimicrobial sensitivity of M. avium isolates was determined to 8 antimicrobial drugs: amikacin, clarithromycin, linezolid, moxifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, doxycycline, rifabutin, rifampicin. Drug susceptibility testing was performed using serial broth microdilution method according to published CLSI guidelines, M24S, 2023.

Objective. To determine spectrum and prevalence of genetic determinants of macrolide and fluoroquinolone resistance in Mycoplasma genitalium from patient in dermatovenerology clinics of two Russian megalopolises: Moscow and St. Petersburg in 2021–2024. Materials and Methods. A total of 530 M. genitalium DNA-positive specimens (urethral and cervical swabs) obtained from men and women from the STD clinic in St. Petersburg and Сlinical facilities of the Moscow Scientific and Practical Center for Dermatovenerology and Cosmetology of the Moscow Department of Health Care were analyzed.

Objective. To study in vitro activity of antimicrobials against clinical isolates obtained from patients with community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) in various regions of Russia in 2023. Materials and Methods. The study included 1098 isolates obtained from the urine of children and adults of both sexes of all age groups with acute and exacerbation of recurrent community-acquired UTIs, including pregnant women with asymptomatic bacteriuria. Isolates were collected in 29 centers in 21 cities of Russia in 2023 as part of a multicenter prospective epidemiological study of the dynamics of antibiotic resistance of pathogens causing community-acquired UTIs in different subsets of patients («DARMIS-2023»).