Abstract
The present article represents an overview and critical analysis of new international clinical guidelines on the management of patients with severe sepsis and septic shock that were prepared with involvement of 15 medical associations, united for this purpose in the «Surviving Sepsis Campaign». New edition of these guidelines is based on the previous 2004 issue and represent more evidence-based approach to the intensive therapy of patients of different age groups. The importance of adherence to guidelines is proved by result of studies that were performed during last 3 years and are showing the real possibilities to improve the survival in patients with severe sepsis. Overall it is concluded that Surviving Sepsis Campaign 2008 guidelines should be adapted to the management of septic patients in Russia as well as other countries.
-
1.
Evidence based medicine working group. Evidence based medicine: a new approach to teaching the practice of medicine. JAMA 1992; 268:2420- 5.
-
2.
Sprung C.L., Bernard G.R., Ellinger R.P. (eds). Gudelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock. Intensive Care Med 2001; 27:1-134.
-
3.
Dellinger R.P., Carlet J.,Masur H. et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign guidelines for of severe sepsis and septic shock. Crit Care Medicine 2004; 32:858-73.
-
4.
Сепсис в начале XXI века. Классификация, клиникодиагностическая концепция и лечение. Патолого-анатомическая диагностика: Практическое руководство.- М.: Издательство НЦССХ им. А.Н.Бакулева РАМН, 2004.-130 с.
-
5.
Dellinger R.P., Levy M.M., Carlet J., et al. Surviving Sepsis Campaign: international guidelines for management of severe sepsis and septic shock: 2008 Crit Care Medicine 2008; 36:296-327.
-
6.
Grade working group: grading quality of evidence and strength of recommendations. BMJ 2004; 328:1490-8.
-
7.
Rivers E., Nguen B., Havslad S. et al. Early goal-directed therapy in treatment of severe sepsis and septic shock. N Engl J Med 2001; 345:1368–77.
-
8.
Nguyen H., Corbett S., Steele R., et al. Implementation of a bundle of quality indicators for the early management of severe sepsis and septic shock is associated with decreased mortality. Crit Care Med 2007; 35:1005-12.
-
9.
Shorr A., Micek S., JacksonW., et al. Economic implications of an evidence-based sepsis protocol: can you improve outcomes and lower cost. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:1257-62.
-
10.
The National Heart, Lung and blood institute ARDS clinical trials network. Pulmonary-artery versus central venous catheter to guide treatment of acute lung injury. N Engl J Med 2006; 354:2213 –24.
-
11.
Blot F., Schmidt E., Nitenberg G., et al. Early positivity of central venous versus peripheral blood cultures is highly predictive of catheter-related sepsis. J Clin Microbiol 1998; 36:105-9.
-
12.
Giamerollos-Bourboulis E.J., Giannopoulou P., Grechka P., et al. Shoud procalitonin be introduce in the diagnostic criteria for the SIRS and sepsis. J Crit Care 2004; 19:152- 7.
-
13.
Kumar A., Roberts D., Wood K. Duration of hypotension prior to initiation of effective antimicrobial therapy is critical determinant of survival in septic shock. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:1589-96.
-
14.
Leon C., Ruiz-Santana S., Saavedro P., et al. A bedside scoring system (“Candida score”) for early antifugal treatment in nonneutropenic critically ill patients with Candida colonization. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:730–7.
-
15.
Safdar N., Handelsman J., Maki D., et al. Does combination antimicrobial therapy reduce mortality in gram-negative bacteraemia? A meta-analysis. Lancet Infect Dis 2004; 4:519-27.
-
16.
Paul M., Silbiger I., Grozinsky S. Betalactam antibiotic monotherapy versus betalactam-aminoglycoside antibiotic combination therapy for sepsis. Cochrane database Syst Rev 2006; (1):CD003344.
-
17.
Crist-Crain M., Stolz D., Biengisser R., et al. Procalcitonin guidance of antibiotic therapy in community-acquired pneumonia. Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2006; 174:87- 93.
-
18.
LodiseT., Lamasfro B., Drusano G., et al. Piperacillintazobactam for Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection: clinical implication of an extended-infusion do using strategy. Clin Infect Dis 2007; 44:357-63.
-
19.
Bernard G., Vincent J.L., Laterre P.F., et al. The recombinant human activated protein C worldwide evaluation in severe sepsis (PROWESS)study group. Efficacy and safety of recombinant human activated protein C for severe sepsis. N Engl J Med 2001; 344:699- 709.
-
20.
Sprung C., Annane D., Brigel J. Et al. Corticosteroid therapy for septic shock. Am Rev Repir Crit Care Med 2007; 175:A507.
-
21.
Руднов В.А., Гельфанд Б.Р., Алфёров А.В. и др. Применение активированного протеина С при тяжёлом сепсисе и септическом шоке – опыт Российских клиник. Consilium Medicum 2004; 6:424-7.
-
22.
Sarani B., Dunkman J., Sonnel D. Transfusion of fresh frozen plasma in critically ill surgical patients is associated with an increased risk of infection. Crit Care Medicine 2006; 34(12S):A77.
-
23.
Sperry J., Frankel H., Shefi S. et al. Restrictive transfusion trigger: the magnitude of cost-effectiveness using Markov modeling. Crit Care Medicine 2006; 34(12S):A72.
-
24.
Wiedermann CJ, Hoffman JM, Juers M. High dose antitrombin III in the treatment of severe sepsis in pathints with high risk of death: efficacy and safety. Crit Care Med 2006; 34:285-292.
-
25.
Van den Berghe G., Wouters P.J., Weekers F., et al. Intensive insulin therapy in critically ill patients. N Engl J Med 2001, 345:1359–67.
-
26.
Pittas AG, Siegel RD, Lau J. Et al. Insulin therapy for critically ill hospitalized patients. Arh Int Med 2004; 164:2005-2001.
-
27.
Ooldstein B., Giroir B., Randolph A., et al. International pediatric sepsis consensus conference: Definitions for sepsis and organ dysfunction in pediatrics. Pediatr Crit Care Med 2005; 6:2-8.
-
28.
Clark R.H., Gerstmann D.R., Null D.M.J., de Lemos R.A. Prospective randomized comparision of high-frequency oscillatory and conventional ventilationr in respiratory distress syndrome. Pediatrics 1992; 89:5-12.
-
29.
Rettwitz-Volk W., Veldman A., Roth B., et al. A prospective, randomized, multicenter trial of highfrequence oscillatory ventilation compared with conventional ventilation in preterm infants with respiratory distress syndrome receiving surfactant. J Pediatr 1998; 132:249-52.
-
30.
Ngo N.T., Cao X.T., Kheen R., et al. Acute management of dengue shock syndrome: a randomized double-blind comparision of 4 intravenous fluid regimens in the first hour. Clin Infect Dis 2001; 32:204-13.
-
31.
Willis B.A., Dung N.M., loan H.T., et al. Comparision of three fluid solutions for resuscitation in dengue shock syndrome. New Engl J Med 2005; 353:877-89.
-
32.
Dung N.M., Day N.P., Tam D.T., et al. Fluid replacement in dengue shock syndrome: a randomized double-blind comparision of four intravenous fluid regimens. Clin Infect Dis 1999; 29:787-94.
-
33.
Markovitz B.P., Goodman D.M., Watson S., et al. A retrospective cohort study of prognostic factor associated with out come in pediatric severe sepsis. What is the role steroids? Pediatr Crit Care Med 2005; 6:270-74.
-
34.
Barton P., Kalil A., Nadel S., et al. Safety, pharmacokinetics, and pharmacodynamics of drotrecogin alfa (activated) in children with severe sepsis. Pediatrics 2004; 113:7-17.
-
35.
Foland J.A., Fortenberry J.D., Warshaw B.L., et al. Fluid overload before continuous hemofiltration and survival in critical ill children: A retrospective analysis. Crit Care Med 2004; 32:1771-6.
-
36.
Cam P.C., Cardone D. Propofol infusion syndrome. Anaesthesia 2007; 62:690-701.
-
37.
Parke T.J., Stevens J.E., Rice A.S., et al. Metabolic acidosis and fatal myocardial failure after propofol infusion in children: five case teports. BMJ 1992; 35:613-6.
-
38.
Lacroix J., Hebert P.C., Hutchinson J.S., et al. Transfusion strategies for patients in pediatric intensive care units. New Engl. J Med 2007; 256:1609-19.
-
39.
El-Nawawy A., El-Кinany H., Hamdy El-Saed M., et al. Intravenous polyclonal immunoglobulin administration to sepsis syndrome patients: a prospecive study in a pediatric intensive care unit. J Trop Pediatr 2005; 51:271-8.