Antimicrobials

The efficacy of antibacterial therapy is determined by multiple factors, including pharmacokinetic (PK) parameters of the antimicrobial agent. The predictive value of PK parameters has been confirmed in a number of in vivo experiments and clinical …

Bifidobacterium lactis BB-12 and Lactobacillus acidophilus LA-5 are the well-known probiotic strains. This review presents data on efficacy of the administration of BB-12 and LA-5 strains in several GI tract disorders: treatment of diarrhea, …

Objective. To assess a potential for the use of fosfomycin as a component of polymethyl methacrylate-based bone cement in the topical treatment of periprosthetic infection. Materials and Methods. The most common pathogens of periprosthetic joint infection isolated during the 2013–2014 were studied. Susceptibility of 358 S. aureus and 19 E. coli strains to vancomycin, fosfomycin, and gentamicin was determined. Antimicrobial activity duration for the control samples of the gentamicin-containing bone cement (DEPUY CMW 1 GENTAMICIN) and the experimental samples with addition (per 20 g of cement) of 1 g or 2 g of vancomycin (5% or 10%), 2 g or 4 g of fosfomycin (10% or 20%) was investigated.

Objective. To determine the prevalence of medication errors associated with the use of penicillin-group antibiotics through analysis of national spontaneous reporting database. Materials and Methods. The study involved examination of 1123 spontaneous reports about adverse drug reactions related to penicillin-group antibiotics. All these reports were sent to Russian safety database in the period from 01.01.2012 till 01.08.2014. To identify cases of medication errors we used Russian drug labels, standards of medical care and practical guidelines for certain diseases.

This paper presents data on in vitro activity of native honey against bacterial isolates with extreme resistance phenotypes. Comparison of antimicrobial activity of foreign honey preparations approved for the local treatment of infections with that …

This article describes clinical development stages for the novel anti-TB drug «Perchlozone®», which has been approved in Russian Federation in 2012. Based on the phase I–III clinical studies results, efficacy and safety of the drug were assessed, and …

Objective. Objectives. To investigate etiology and in vitro susceptibility of the most common pathogens causing community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTIs) in Russia. Materials and Methods. A total of 182 uropathogens isolated from urine samples of patients with communityacquired UTI were collected in Russia during 2013–2014 and included in the study. Results. Among the identified microorganisms the most prevalent uropathogens were Enterobacteriaceae (87,9%) and E. coli (68,1%). Drugs active against more than 90% of all Enterobacteriaceae isolates were fosfomycin (98,1%) and ceftibuten (93,1%).

Development of new antimicrobial agents is one of the main directions to combat the problem of antimicrobial resistance. The article is an overview of innovative antibiotics for systemic use that are under non-clinical and clinical development …

This article describes the factors contributing reduced efficacy of antimicrobial agents in elderly patients, as well as the factors and mechanisms compromising safety of this drug class. Specific aspects of the administration of different …

This review describes known mechanisms, possible causes of cardiac toxicity of macrolides antibiotics and the incidence of this adverse effect.