resistance

New mutations in genes associated with cefiderocol resistance in a clinical isolate of Pseudomonas aeruginosa

Objective. To assess the effects of chromosomal mutations on emergence of cefiderocol resistance among Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates. Materials and Methods. Study design purported to compare the characteristics of phenotypic antibiotic resistance and chromosomal mutations of P. aeruginosa strains of a common origin possessing different resistance levels to cefiderocol. Two P. aeruginosa isolates from the sputum of a patient with cystic fibrosis who had not previously received cefiderocol were analyzed.

Antimicrobial resistance-associated mutations in chromosomal genes of ESKAPE pathogens

The worldwide successful expansion of ESKAPE pathogens is largely due to their ability to rapidly acquire high antimicrobial resistance levels. The bacterial resistome includes (1) plasmid-encoded genes acquired as a result of horizontal gene …

Anti-staphylococcal activity and cytocompatibility of lysostaphin

Objective. To study the antibacterial activity of lysostaphin against staphylococci various species, as well as its effect on the viability of Vero cells. Materials and Methods. Lysostaphin was obtained by genetic engineering. Purification of the protein was carried out on SP-sepharose, the purity was determined by electrophoresis in PAGE by Lamley. The susceptibility to lysostaphin of 9 species 175 strains of staphylococci was studied. Identification was performed by MALDI-TOF MS, antibiotic susceptibility by EUCAST (v.

Aztreonam: clinical and pharmacological characteristics at the present stage

One of the urgent problems of modern health care is the growing resistance of microorganisms to antibiotics, including carbapenems, which until recently were considered as the drugs of choice in the treatment of life-threatening infections. Enzymatic …

Detection of mcr-1-mediated resistance to polymyxins in Enterobacterales using colistin disk chelator application

Objective. To evaluate the possibility of using the colistin disk chelator application (CDCA) method as simple and available screening tool for detection of mcr-1-mediated resistance to polymyxins in Enterobacterales. Materials and Methods. A total of 47 colistin-resistant Enterobacterales isolates obtained in 2014–2020 within multicenter MARATHON study were included in the experiment. Colistin susceptibility testing was performed using Mueller–Hinton broth microdilution method according to ISO 20776-1:2006. Interpretation of the results was performed according to EUCAST v.

Analysis of the genes encoding the MBL-fold metallohydrolase superfamily proteins of the Pseudomonas putida BS3701 petroleum component-degrading strain

Objective. To determine whether the genes whose products are annotated as «MBL-fold metallohydrolase superfamily» are related to the proteins of the metallo-β-lactamase group. Materials and Methods. Sequences of the 7 genes annotated as «MBL-fold metallohydrolase superfamily» were analyzed using the following resources: ClustalW, IQ-TREE, iTOL. Selection of the oligonucleotides for real-time PCR was performed using the Primer-BLAST resource. The level of gene expression was assessed using real-time PCR. MIC and MBC measuring was performed using cefepime and meropenem.

Carriage of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and etiology of postoperative infectious complications in infants with congenital heart defects

Objective. To determine resistant microorganisms carriage, the frequency and etiology of postoperative infectious complications in high-risk infants with congenital heart defects (CHD). Materials and Methods. The retrospective analysis included 489 patients admitted for surgical treatment for CHD. The median age was 0.23 (0–12) months. Swabs were taken from the oropharynx and rectum for microbiological examination no later than 72 hours after admission (a total of 978 samples). The growth of resistant microorganisms (ESBL and/or carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales, resistant non-fermentative Gram-negative bacteria, MRSA and VRE) was recorded.

Monitoring of resistanceassociated mutations in UL97 gene of cytomegalovirus in children after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation

Objective. To perform genotyping of cytomegalovirus (CMV) phosphotransferase UL97 and investigate mutations associated with ganciclovir/valganciclovir (GCV/VGCV) resistance in children after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) with confirmed CMV infection. Materials and Methods. This single-center prospective study was conducted from January 2020 to December 2021 and enrolled allogeneic HSCT recipients under 18 years of age with confirmed CMV infection. In case of possible GCV resistance, molecular genotyping with Sanger sequencing was performed.

Susceptibility of clinical Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates to ceftazidimeavibactam in Russia: multicenter local laboratory databased surveillance

Objective. To assess the in vitro activity of ceftazidime-avibactam against clinical Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolates in various regions of Russia based on results of local susceptibility testing by disk diffusion method. Materials and Methods. Overall, 160 laboratories located in 61 Russian cities participated in this surveillance during 2018-2020. All consecutive clinical isolates of Enterobacterales and Pseudomonas aeruginosa in each participating laboratory were included in the study. Ceftazidime-avibactam susceptibility testing was done by disc-diffusion method in accordance with current EUCAST recommendations.

Almost two years with COVID-19: some aspects of antibiotic use

The objective of this review was to summarize impact of the widespread administration of antibiotics in treatment algorithms for patients with COVID-19 on treatment outcomes. The experience of antimicrobial use agents during COVID-19 pandemic did not …