conjugated pneumococcal vaccines

Objective. To estimate the incidence of communityacquired pneumonias and acute otitis media and the role of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae in these infections in children under 5 years. Materials and Methods. Investigational program PAPIRUS (Prospective Assessment of Pneumococcal Infection in RUSsia), which included multi-center prospective epidemiological study estimating the incidence of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and the role of S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae in CAP and acute otitis media (AOM) in children 0-5 years of age in 3 Russian cities (Barnaul, Yekaterinburg and Murmansk) and the prospective multi-center observational cohort study evaluating the incidence of AOM in children under 5 years in the same cities had been performed during 12 months.