Abstract
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) are one of the most important problems in modern medicine. Authors performed a review of international health economic studies of the HIV/AIDS treatment. PubMed and Cochrane Reviews databases were used as a source of information. The following parameters were estimated: direct and indirect costs for the treatment of HIV/AIDS before and after implementation of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) in clinical practice; impact of increased longevity of patients with AIDS on cost changes; social and economic consequences of HIV/AIDS; overall cost of illness. Prior to era of HAART, annual treatment costs per HIV-infected patient and patient with AIDS were approximately $8,000–9,000 US and $25,000 US, respectively. After implementation of HAART in clinical practice, annual treatment cost was increased up to $50,000 US, mainly due to medication costs (30–50%). Treatment costs for patients with different stages of HIV-infection are in direct relation to CD4+ cell count. Indirect costs and longevity were shown to have an effect on overall cost of illness. An early detection of HIV-infection and high-quality medical care which reduces disease progression rate found to be effective measures with regard to health economics.
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