Personal Experience

Objective. To compare microbiota profiles of sputum and bronchial washes in patients with pulmonary tuberculosis obtained using PCR and to assess clinical significance of obtained microbial profiles. Materials and Methods. We compared the results of sputum and bronchial washes using PCR-based test systems «Backscreen UPM» and «Femoflor 16» (DNA-Technology, Russia) in 51 patients with pulmonary tuberculosis. Results. The analysis revealed that the following dominant taxa of microorganisms were detected both in sputum and bronchial washes in the majority of patients: representatives of the genera Streptococcus, Veillonella, Prevotella, and Haemophilus.

Objective. Creation and evaluation of the effectiveness of an integrated system for automatic validation of microbiological reports and monitoring of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) on real time at the regional level within the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug (YNAO). Materials and Methods. The prospective study was conducted from October 2023 to June 2025, based on the Medical Information and Analytical Center and five largest hospitals in the YNAO. The study design included a comparative analysis of AMR monitoring status before and after the implementation of the digital platform.

Objective. To develop and conduct the first stage of validation for a PCR test that identifies key mutations in the V domain of the 23S rRNA gene of M. pneumoniae (A2058G, A2059G, and A2062C). This test allows for the identification of macrolide-resistant M. pneumoniae strains in samples of native biological material. Materials and Methods. The study included a panel of M. pneumoniae DNA samples (n = 107) from the collection of the DeMaRes multicenter study, as well as native material (n = 52).

Objective. Determination of the antimycobacterial efficacy of a composite material impregnated with silver in relation to M. tuberculosis. Materials and Methods. Samples of the outer shell of bulk porous composite materials with antimycobacterial substances included in the structure (silver (Ag) nanoparticles, as well as silver proteinate) were obtained at the Kurchatov Institute. In total, two types of samples with different particle contents were obtained: chitosan Ag and chitosan Ag2. To obtain an outer shell with an impregnated silver proteinate complex from chitosan Primex 43040 with glutaraldehyde: an aqueous solution of silver proteinate with different concentrations («chitosan Pr» and «chitosan Pr2») was added.

Objective. To assess impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the structure of pathogens causing periprosthetic joint infection (PJI) and the dynamics of their antibiotic resistance. Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 379 strains of microorganisms isolated from patients with PJI of the knee and hip joints who underwent surgical treatment at the Federal Center for Traumatology and Orthopedics from 2018 to 2024 was performed. The biological material for the study was synovial fluid samples, tissue biopsies, aspirates from removed implants after ultrasonic treatment.

Objective. To determine prevalence of M. pneumoniae, C. pneumoniae in patients with exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the autumn-winter period 2022–2023 in the Smolensk region. Materials and Methods. The study involved 53 patients with exacerbation of COPD who applied to the State Medical Institution «KB No. 1» in Smolensk for medical help. The clinical material for the study was a scrape from the posterior wall of the pharynx.

Objective. To compare antibacterial activity of macrocidins A and Z against staphylococci and their effect on staphylococcal biofilms. Materials and Methods. The antibacterial activity of macrocidins A and Z produced by Didymella baileyae VIZR 1.53 was studied by serial dilution method against 120 staphylococcal cultures isolated from orthopedic patients. The effect of macrocidins on biofilm formation of 60 S. aureus clinical cultures was assessed by O’Toole method by co-incubation of active substances with bacteria and subsequent MBIC50/90.

Ralstonia insidiosa is not usually considered an etiologically significant microorganism capable of causing infections. This article presents a retrospective analysis of a series of hospital-acquired infections caused by R. insidiosa in 8 comorbid …

Objective. To analyze physicians’ preferences regarding the pharmacotherapy of bacterial genitourinary infections (UTI) in pregnant women and assess their compliance with current clinical guidelines. Materials and Methods. The study was conducted over 2018–2022 using an anonymous questionnaire method among physicians in seven regions of Russia. A total of 227 healthcare providers participated, of whom 66.8% were general practitioners and 33.2% were obstetricians/gynecologists. Results. According to the analysis, there is an insufficient level of knowledge in the field of pharmacotherapy of UTIs in pregnant women.

Objective. To study the characteristics of microbial landscape in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and chronic simple bronchitis of occupational etiology from mineral dust exposure (COPD OE) with different clinical phenotypes. Materials and Methods. Patients were divided into 3 groups. Group-1 – 10 patients with COPD OE, clinical phenotype “B” (GOLD II); Group-2 – 19 patients with COPD OE, clinical phenotype “E” (GOLD III-IV); Group-3 – 11 patients with chronic simple bronchitis (CSBPE).