Antimicrobials

Carpabenems (imipenem, meropenem, ertapenem) are currently one of the antibiotic classes that exhibit the broadest spectrum of activity and characterized by the low resistance rates of clinically significant pathogens. This article is an attempt to …

Very-low-birth weight preterm infants (<1500 g) are at high risk for invasive candidiasis. The prospective randomized controlled clinical trial comparing efficacy of 2 doses of fluconazole (3 and 6 mg/kg) in the prophylaxis of invasive candidiasis …

Gemifloxacin is a new respiratory fluoroquinolone that was approved as Factive® in Russian Federation in December 2005. Among the fluoroquinolones this agent is the most active against Streptococcus pneumoniae, and has similar to other respiratory …

To compare the pharmacodynamics of daptomycin (DAP) and vancomycin (VAN) as well as killing kinetics of S. aureus with different MICs were studied at widely ranged AUC/MIC ratios. Two clinical isolates, S. aureus 866 (MICDAP 0.35 µ/ml and MICVAN 0.70 …

Beta-lactams are the most commonly used class of antimicrobial agents for the treatment of community-acquired and nosocomial infections. One of the resistance mechanisms for this class is a production of beta-lactamases. To overcome this problem, the …

Currently, prophylactic and therapeutic use of probiotics is a common practice worldwide, although their effectiveness remains controversial. This review presents data on main probiotic microorganisms. This paper summarizes available evidence-based …

Discovery and introduction into the clinical practice of macrolide antibiotics is one of the major advances in the history of antimicrobial therapy. The most prescribed macrolide is azithromycin, which is due to a number of its unique pharmacokinetic …

At present, β-lactams are the most commonly used antimicrobials, but their clinical efficacy may be reduced because of the spread of antimicrobial resistance. The most important mechanism of resistance to β-lactams is an inhibition by the microbial …

Clarithromycin – 14-membered macrolide antibiotic that has been used in clinical practice since 1991. This review presents up-to-date data on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, drug interactions, safety profile of clarithromycin, including its novel …

Translated and Reprinted with permission from «Chemotherapy Journal» (Chemother J. 2005; 14:22-27)