Antimicrobial Resistance

Continuing trends of antimicrobial resistance growth require a set of countermeasures, of which antimicrobial resistance surveillance at the global, national, and local levels plays one of the most important roles. Local surveillance systems are the …

Objective. To develop an approach to comprehensive analysis and presentation of data on antibiotic resistance of zoonotic bacteria to minimize antibiotic resistance in the medical and veterinary fields using the AMRcloud platform. Materials and Methods. Isolates of E. coli, Salmonella spp., Enterococcus spp. and Campylobacter spp. were taken from farm animals, food and feed. AST was performed by broth microdilution method. Genes of resistance were detected by whole-genome sequencing or PCR.

Objective. To evaluate the resistance rate and production of carbapenemases in Klebsiella pneumoniae with phenotypic resistance to carbapenems isolated from patients with orthopedic infection. Materials and Methods. The materials for the study were tissue samples, aspirates and removed orthopedic devices of patients with orthopedic infection at the Vreden Russian Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, between 2017 and 2019. K. pneumoniae strains were identified in Microlatest by iEMS ReaderMF. These strains were tested for susceptibility to 15 antimicrobial agents by disk diffusion methods, as described by the EUCAST.

Objective. To evaluate antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical Streptococcus pyogenes isolates from different regions of Russia during 2014–2017. Materials and Methods. A total of 792 clinical S. pyogenes isolates from 14 Russian cities were included in the study. Susceptibility testing was performed using reference broth microdilution method (ISO 207761:2006). Susceptibility testing results were interpreted using EUCAST v.10.0 breakpoints. Results. Penicillin G was active against all tested isolates with the MIC50–90 values of 0.

Objective. In this study, we examined the prevalence of macrolide-resistant M. genitalium in two Russian cities, Smolensk and Tula, between 2013 and 2017. Materials and Methods. DNA’s samples were isolated from urethral and cervicovaginal swabs using primary screening and tested for macrolide resistance-associated mutations by real-time PCR. This technology makes it possible to identify any nucleotide substitutions in the 23S rRNA M. genitalium gene at positions 2058, 2059, 2611 M.

Invasive candidiasis is a common, severe and often difficult to treat complication in various categories of patients. Despite the fact that in most cases Candida albicans retains a leading position as an etiological cause, a pathogen such as Candida …

Objective. To evaluate antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical Haemophilus influenzae isolates from different regions of Russia during 2014–2017. Materials and Methods. We included in the study 185 clinical H. influenzae isolates from 13 Russian cities. Susceptibility testing was performed by reference broth microdilution method (ISO 207761:2006). Susceptibility testing results were interpreted using EUCAST v. 10.0 breakpoints. Results. H. influenzae isolates were highly susceptible to all (96.8%-100%) β-lactams tested (amoxicillin/ clavulanate, cefixime, ceftaroline, ceftibuten, cefditoren, ertapenem) with the exception of ampicillin (15.

Objective. To evaluate antimicrobial resistance patterns of clinical Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates from different regions of Russia during 2014–2017. Materials and Methods. We included in the study 519 clinical S. pneumoniae isolates from 18 Russian cities. Susceptibility testing was performed by reference broth microdilution method (ISO 20776-1:2006). Susceptibility testing results were interpreted according to EUCAST v.9.0 breakpoints. Results. Using EUCAST non-meningeal interpretation criteria, 65.1% of isolates tested were susceptible (S) to penicillin; in addition 28.

Objective. Objectives. To assess the rates of antibiotic resistance and production of acquired carbapenemases in nosocomial strains of Acinetobacter spp., and to determine the genotypes and prevalence of “international high-risk clones” among nosocomial strains of Acinetobacter baumannii isolated in various regions of Russia within the “MARATHON 2015–2016” study. Materials and Methods. A total of 1005 non-duplicate nosocomial isolates of Acinetobacter spp., including 975 isolates of A. baumannii, collected in 44 hospitals from 25 cities in Russia in 2015– 2016 were studied.

Objective. Objectives. To assess the rates of antibiotic resistance, production of acquired carbapenemases, genotypes and prevalence of «international high-risk clones» among nosocomial strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated in various regions of Russia within the «MARATHON 2015–2016» study. Materials and Methods. A total of 1006 non-duplicate nosocomial isolates of P. aeruginosa collected in 44 hospitals from 25 cities in Russia in 2015–2016 were studied. Species identification of isolates was performed by means of MALDI-TOF mass-spectrometry.