Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2026; 28(1):124-130
Objective. To investigate the bacterial and fungal microbiota of the lower respiratory tract in hospitalized patients with tuberculosis and HIV coinfection.
Materials and Methods. A total of 378 sputum samples from 147 patients at the Novosibirsk Tuberculosis Research Institute (Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation) were collected and analyzed between 2021 and 2024. Sputum samples were obtained according to standardized protocols to minimize contamination with upper respiratory tract microflora and ensure representativeness of the lower respiratory tract biota.