Diseases and Pathogens

Objective. To review a literature published over the past 5 years and our own data on the etiology of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTI), antimicrobial resistance and its relationships between sepsis and choice of appropriate antibiotic therapy. Materials and Methods. National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance (NNIS) criteria were used to diagnose LRTI. A review of the articles regarding LRTI from the Russian and international English language journals published over 6 years was performed.

The article presents a critical analysis of antibiotic usage tactics in the treatment of patients with COVID-19 existing in Russian and foreign healthcare, and discusses the possible causes of unjustified antibiotic aggression in this category of …

Objective. To investigate a candidemia outbreak caused by C. parapsilosis in a clinical unit of the Dmitry Rogachev National Medical Research Center of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology and Immunology (NMRC PHOI). Materials and Methods. A total of 35 isolates of C. parapsilosis obtained from clinically significant specimens and swabs, including hands of nursing staff of the NMRS PHOI, over the 2018-2020 were genotyped in this retrospective study. Identification of C. parapsilosis isolates was performed by microbiological methods.

The review discusses national clinical practice guidelines for pneumococcal vaccination in different countries, existing approaches to adult immunization, and highlights key results of the most significant clinical studies and metaanalyses on the …

Staphylococcal infections are widespread among outpatients and hospitalized patients. Despite the apparent diversity of the “menu” of anti-staphylococcal drugs, treatment results in several patients are not good as expected. This is due to the …

Despite the continuous improvement of approaches to antimicrobial therapy and the emergence of new highly effective antibiotics, severe bacterial infections being a significant cause of morbidity and mortality remain a top of mind issue for …

The COVID-19 epidemic caused by the human coronovirus has led to completely new challenges for clinical pharmacology, and the healthcare system as a whole. By the time the infection started, there was no effective and safe therapy. In this regard, at …

Objective. To determine antigenic and genetic characteristics of Neisseria meningitidis isolated from the patients with invasive meningococcal infections in Smolensk region in comparison with those circulating in other regions. Materials and Methods. A total of 14 cerebrospinal fluid samples obtained in 2016–2019 and containing N. meningitidis DNA were tested using AmpliSens® Nm-ABCW kit, multilocus sequence typing and antigenic finetyping of outer membrane proteins. The results were analyzed by the BURST algorithm and other functionalities available at PubMLST.

Objective. To assess efficacy and safety of methylprednisolone pulse therapy in patients with COVID-19. Materials and Methods. A retrospective analysis of 57 patients with moderate and severe novel coronavirus infection (COVID-19) receiving methylprednisolone pulse therapy (500 mg/day IV for 2–3 consecutive days) was performed. Pre- and post-therapy examination of the patients included clinical (severity and duration of fever, gas exchange parameters), imaging (computed tomography) and laboratory tests (including C-reactive protein, procalcitonin, D-dimer).

This review provides an analysis of causes why Klebsiella pneumoniae takes a leading place among opportunistic human bacteria. The review includes the history of K. pneumoniae studies, microbiological properties and various Klebsiella-associated …