Antimicrobials

Antimicrobial drug consumption in the Russian Federation (2008–2022): pharmacoepidemiological study

Objective. To assess the dynamics of antimicrobial drug consumption in the Russian Federation. Materials and Methods. Data on antimicrobials for systemic use (ATC class J01) sales for the period 2008–2022 in the hospital and outpatient segment were downloaded from the IQVIA database. The absolute quantities of purchased antimicrobials were transferred to the defined daily doses (DDD) separately for the outpatient and hospital segments for each year of observation. Results. Over the period 2008-2022 there was an increase in antimicrobials consumption from 9.

Clinical pharmacology and practical aspects of isavuconazole use

The steadily increasing incidence of invasive fungal infections, influenced to some extent by the COVID-19 pandemic, caused by both yeast and molds makes it necessary to improve the antifungal therapies used. Historically, azoles have held a key …

In vitro activity of cefpodoxime against Russian clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes

Objective. To determine in vitro activity of oral III generation cephalosporin cefpodoxime against clinical isolates of Haemophilus influenzae, Streptococcus pneumoniae and Streptococcus pyogenes isolated from patients with community-acquired respiratory tract infections in different regions of the Russian Federation. Materials and Methods. The study included isolates of bacterial pathogens of community-acquired respiratory tract infections isolated from outpatients and hospitalized patients in different regions of the Russian Federation. A total of 558 isolates were included in the study, including 184 isolates of H.

Cefpodoxime proxetil – new opportunities in antibacterial therapy of respiratory infections

The purpose of the expert council was to determine the place of cefpodoxime in the ABT algorithms for upper and lower respiratory tract infections and to form a consensus position on its use in clinical practice. Based on the available data, the …

Cefodizime: pharmacological characteristics and potential for clinical use in lower respiratory tract infections

Cefodizime is a third–generation cephalosporin for parenteral use that has become available for the first time in the Russia. This paper reviews the use of this antibiotic in clinical practice based on the current data on antimicrobial resistance in …

Oral third-generation cephalosporin cefpodoxime in the therapy of respiratory infections

Oral 3rd generation cephalosporin cefpodoxime proxetil has been available in the antibiotic armamentarium for more than 30 years, however, unlike other oral cephalosporins (e.g. cefixime), it has not been given due recognition in clinical practice in …

Pharmacokinetics of biapenem in critically ill patients

Objective. To assess biapenem PK parameters in critically ill adult patients and define the optimal dosing regimens based on TDM data. Materials and Methods. An open, prospective, uncontrolled, single-center study based on City Clinical Hospital No. 24, Moscow (October 2022 – April 2023), included patients over 18 years of age with a diagnosed severe bacterial infection received 600 mg of biapenem as 3-hour intravenous infusion every 12 hours in the intensive care unit.

Patterns of antibiotic use in the population of various regions of the Russian Feder ation: a qualitative, comparative analysis

Objective. To assess the practice of using antibiotics (AB) by the population of various regions of the Russian Federation (RF), by studying attitudes, behavior and knowledge about AB. Materials and Methods. The survey was conducted from February to June 2022 as part of a multicenter qualitative study in the form of a semi-structured interview among respondents from 18 to 74 years old who used systemic ABs of any group with or without a doctor’s prescription for the treatment of symptoms of a confirmed or probable infectious disease for 3 months prior to the study.

Specific features of antimicrobial therapy in patients with severe respiratory failure receiving veno-venous extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO)

In modern medicine, the extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is becoming increasingly common in the treatment of severe respiratory failure. The development of infectious complications in patients receiving ECMO often leads to an increase in …

Promising antimycotics for the treatment of invasive infections

This paper provides a review of the largest studies (over the period of 2018 to 2023) of promising novel antimycotics and their possible role in the treatment of invasive mycoses, including infections caused by resistant Candida and Aspergillus …