Species diversity of non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients in the “pre-Covid” period and during the COVID-19 pandemic | CMAC

Species diversity of non-tuberculous mycobacteria isolated from patients in the “pre-Covid” period and during the COVID-19 pandemic

Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2024; 26(4):411-416

​ Vasilyeva I.A., Panova A.E., Gracheva A.N., Bayrakova A.L., Kazyulina A.A., Eliseev P.I., Samoylova A.G.
10.36488/cmac.2024.4.411-416
non-tuberculous mycobacteria mycobacteriosis Mycobacterium NTM disease
Section
Diseases and Pathogens
Type
Original Article
Publication
Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2024; 26(4):411-416

Objective.

To compare the species diversity of non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) isolated from patients of phthisiopulmonary institutions in 2018–2019 (“pre-Covid” period) and in 2020–2023 (during the COVID-19 pandemic).

Materials and Methods.

We identified 937 clinical isolates of NTM, isolated from patients undergoing differential diagnosis of tuberculosis and other respiratory diseases at The National Medical Research Center o Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases under the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation (NMRC PhPI) and in other phthisiopulmonological institutions of the Russian Federation in 2018–2019 (“pre-Covid” period, n = 217) and in 2020–2023 (during the COVID-19 pandemic, n = 720).

Results.

It was found that during the COVID-19 pandemic, fast-growing (12.64% versus 6.91%, p = 0.0268) were more common than before the pandemic; slow-growing non-tuberculous mycobacteria became less common during the pandemic (87.36% versus 93.09%, p = 0.0268). Among the slowgrowing species the predominant species were M. avium, M. chimaera/intracellulare (Mycobacterium avium complex) and M. kansasii (Mycobacterium kansasii complex). During the COVID-19 pandemic significantly more species of non-tuberculous mycobacteria were discovered: 16 species of slowgrowing (M. celatum, M. colombiense, M. marselience, M. timonense, M. engbaekii, M. heraklionense, M. nonchromogenicum, M. europaeum, M. mantenii, M. nebraskense, M. branderi, M. conspicuum, M. saskatchewanense, M. scrofulaceum, M. heckeshornense, M. szulgai) and 15 fast-growing species (M. chelonae, M. immunogenum, M. salmoniphilum, M. porcinum, M. senegalense, M. septicum, M. mageritense, M. mucogenicum, M. neoaurum, M. murale/tokaiense, M. arabiense, M. asiaticum, M. chubuense, M. novocastrense, M. stephanolepidis).

Conclusions.

In this study we showed differences in NTM species diversity in 2018–2019 (during the “pre-Covid” period) and in 2020–2023 (during the COVID-19 pandemic). Additional studies are needed to assess the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the incidence and species diversity of NTM, as well as their association with NTM diseases diagnosed in the corresponding patients with NTM.

Irina A. Vasilyeva

National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Moscow, Russia

Panova A.E.

National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Moscow, Russia

Gracheva A.N.

National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Moscow, Russia

Bayrakova A.L.

National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Moscow, Russia

Kazyulina A.A.

National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Moscow, Russia

Eliseev P.I.

National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Moscow, Russia

Samoylova A.G.

National Medical Research Center of Phthisiopulmonology and Infectious Diseases, Moscow, Russia

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