Non-Fermenting GramNegative Nosocomial Pathogens in Russian ICUs: Antimicrobial Resistance Problems

Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2006; 8(3):243-259

​ Reshedko G.K., Ryabkova E.L., Farashchuk A.N., Stratchounski L.S., ROSNET study group
Acinetobacter baumannii Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial infections antimicrobial resistance
Section
Diseases and Pathogens
Type
Journal article
Publication
Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobial Chemotherapy. 2006; 8(3):243-259

Abstract

In vitro susceptibility study strains of Acinetobacter baumannii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from patients with nosocomial infections in 31 Russian ICUs was performed (in the framework of «RESORT» survey). The following antibiotics were tested: amikacin, cefepime, cefoperazone, cefoperazone/sulbactam, ceftazidime, ciprofloxacin, gentamicin, imipenem, levofloxacin, meropenem, piperacillin, piperacillin/tazobactam, and polymyxin B (for P. aeruginosa). The most active against tested A. baumannii isolates were cefoperazone/sulbactam, imipenem and meropenem. Rates of nonsusceptibility to these antimicrobial agents were 2.2%, 2.2% and 3.5%, respectively. The following antibiotics were the least active: cefoperazone, gentamicin and piperacillin; 97.8%, 89.1% and 91.7% of tested A. baumannii isolates were nonsusceptible, respectively. In this study 74.7%, A.baumannii were nonsusceptible to piperacillin/tazobactam. P. aeruginosa were highly resistant to all antibiotics tested, except polymyxin B (5.8% nonsusceptible isolates). Among the other antibiotics imipenem, meropenem, piperacillin/tazobactam and amikacin were the most active. There were 39.0% and 41.4% nonsusceptible isolates to imipenem and meropenem, respectively. Resistance rates to amikacin and piperacillin/tazobactam were 41.6% and 42.4%, respectively. Resistance rate to ceftazidime was 47.9%. Resistance to the other cephalosporins varied from 58.6% to 72.6%. Fluoroquinolones exhibited low in vitro activity against P. aeruginosa with more than 65% of nonsusceptible isolates.

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