Antimicrobial Resistance of Streptococcus pyogenes in Different Regions of Russia: Results of Multicentre Prospective Study PeHAS-I

Abstract

The present analyzed study the level, structure and phenotypes of antimicrobial resistance of Streptococcus pyogenes in different regions of Russia and to evaluate their dynamics in period from 1999 to 2003. A total of 103 S. pyogenes from 8 cities and 683 S. pyogenes from 16 cities of Central, North-Western, Southern regions of Russian, Urals and Siberia were included into the phase ‘A’ (1999–2000) and phase «B” (2001–2003) of prospective study PeHAS-I, respectively. Susceptibility to antimicrobials was determined in accordance with National Committee for Clinical Laboratory Standards (NCCLS, USA). Penicillin retained 100% activity against studied population of S. pyogenes (1999–2003). Resistance to macrolides varied from 2% to 12% in 1999–2000 and from 0.15 to 8% in 2001–2003. Proportion of resistance to clindamycin isolates in above specified periods of time was 3% and 1% (р<0,05). Resistance to tetracycline did not change significantly being 47% in 1999–2000 and 45% in 2001–2003. In vitro activity of chloramphenicol also did not change substantially being 88% in 1999–2000 and 86% in 2001–2003. Proportion of multiresistant S. pyogenes was 3.9% in 1999-2000 and 4.0% in 2001–2003. There were no strains resistant to vancomycin, linezolid, levofloxacin and telithromycin found. Thus penicillin, vancomycin, linezolid, levofloxacin and telithromycin were the most active in vitro active against tested isolates. The level of resistance to macrolides and lincosamides was low, thus these antimicrobials can be considered as suitable alternatives to β-lactams. High resistance to tetracycline and chloramphenicol dictates the necessity to limit usage of these antimicrobials for treatment of infections caused by S. pyogenes.